Mazmur 19:2-3

19:2 Day after day it speaks out; ¹ 

night after night it reveals his greatness. ² 

19:3 There is no actual speech or word,

nor is its ³  voice literally heard.

Mazmur 64:3

64:3 They ⁴  sharpen their tongues like a sword;

they aim their arrow, a slanderous charge, ⁵ 

Mazmur 94:4

94:4 They spew out threats ⁶  and speak defiantly;

all the evildoers boast. ⁷ 

[19:2]  ¹ tn Heb “it gushes forth a word.” The “sky” (see v. 1b) is the subject of the verb. Though not literally speaking (see v. 3), it clearly reveals God’s royal majesty. The sun’s splendor and its movement across the sky is in view (see vv. 4-6).

[19:2]  ² tn Heb “it [i.e., the sky] declares knowledge,” i.e., knowledge about God’s royal majesty and power (see v. 1). This apparently refers to the splendor and movements of the stars. The imperfect verbal forms in v. 2, like the participles in the preceding verse, combine with the temporal phrases (“day after day” and “night after night”) to emphasize the ongoing testimony of the sky.

[19:3]  ³ tn Heb “their.” The antecedent of the plural pronoun is “heavens” (v. 1).

[64:3]  ⁴ tn Heb “who.” A new sentence was started here in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[64:3]  ⁵ tn Heb “a bitter word.”

[94:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “they gush forth [words].”

[94:4]  ⁷ tn The Hitpael of אָמַר (’amar) occurs only here (and perhaps in Isa 61:6).